便利、營利與架空的危機：女性主義與台灣當代小說生產研究

Convenience, Benefit and the Crisis ofSuperficiality: Feminism and the Reproductionof Contemporary Taiwanese Fiction

蔚為九○年代文化主流的衝激性思潮，「女性主義」無疑是促成台灣某種新社會現實之敘事與實現方法之一。弔詭的是，強調知識傳播的網絡化、訊息流通的即時性，往往也使得原本屬於知識文化階層裏的女性論述成為某種流行時尚的消費商品。這種文學現象普遍存在於台灣當代小說中，特別是表現在創作者對於具有較高文學資本效益的象徵符號的攫取，甚至濫用。當「女性」論述透過社會運動與學院建置的過程，漸漸取得它合理的正當性的同時，我們必須要很警覺的是，它與實際接受者甚至生產者之間往往存在著明顯的空隙，甚至是一種貌合神離的關係。作家在實際創作上，為了選取具有優勢潛力、足以自我彰顯的形式、題材和美學成規時，經常必須藉由採用菁英文化觀、「政治正確」的輿論共識來呼應／符合市場上的經濟邏輯。因此簡要地說，當女性符號、修辭與論述在當代社會獲得一穩定的文化象徵資本，使用者基於「便利」與「營利」的誘因，往往促使「女性」背後的種種政治性能量被「架空」。女性主義與台灣當代小說生產的關係，充分體現當代文學生產環境和體制的複雜影響，因此本研究希望重新閱讀幾部當代女性小說的代表性著作，檢視女性主義思潮及其修辭在當代文學場域裡被轉化的過程。

In the event of the impulsive ideological trends in 1990smainstream culture, ‘feminism’ was undoubtedly one of the narrativeand implementation methods that facilitated a kind of new social realismin Taiwan. Bizarrely, the growth of the internet which emphasizes thedissemination of knowledge and the immediacy of information circulationturned feminist theory, which originally belonged to the social ranks ofknowledge culture, into a fashionable consumer product. This literaturetrend is common in contemporary Taiwanese fiction, particularly in theway authors, almost to the point of abuse, use symbols of larger literaturecapital efficiency. As ‘feminist’ theory is gradually legitimized via socialmovements and the founding of educational institutes, we must be awareof the clear gaps that exist between it and the actual recipients andcreators, which is a seemingly united let actually alienated relationship.In order to select the most potential and sufficient forms of selfenhancement,themes, and aesthetic conventions, authors often have toconform with market economic logic in their works by using a consensusin public opinion of high cultural concepts and ‘political correctness’.Simply put, as feminist symbols, rhetoric and theory obtain stable culturaland symbolic capital in contemporary society, its users often render avariety of the political capabilities behind ‘feminism’ mere ‘figureheads’ in accordance with ‘convenience’ and ‘profit’ incentives. The relationshipbetween feminism and contemporary Taiwanese fiction fully reflectsthe complex influence of the environment and style of contemporaryliterature. This study aims to re-read several representative works ofcontemporary female fiction, and examine the process of transformationof feminist thought and its rhetoric in contemporary literature fields.