《荀子》拾遺

The Supplement of Hsh n-tzu

《荀子》一書，劉向董理，文始定著；楊倞作解，義方闡揚。既歷兩千餘歲，則脫、訛、衍、倒、錯必常存之，觀諸家校讎，紛紜雜說，歷歷可見。諸家之說，其間多有可採者，然百密一疏，必或有疏繆。今重為之補苴，參以眾說，前人雖言而未明者則為之補，釋義未暢者則為之證，校勘不確者則為之糾；亦有前人未能發見者，偶爾得之，則欣欣然。是篇所得，最可注目者，乃荀子與楚文化之關係。荀子再至楚國，終老蘭陵，則當受楚文化之影響。荀子既受楚文化之影響，則或其書乃以楚文字寫就，吾因以楚文字校是書，頗有足證《荀》書之誤者。王念孫嘗以碑刻、俗字校書，于省吾嘗以金文正書，今於二法之外，知於先秦兩漢之書，亦當以竹簡正之也，庶幾有得焉。

The Hsh n-tzu that collected by Liu Xiang in Han Dynasty has been a unified textbook. Later Yang Liang who lived in Tang Dynasty made clear notes for this book in order to make people understand better. But this book now had experienced more than two thousand years,which inevitably existed the phenomenons of omissions, increasing words, reverse words and wrong texts…After lots of people's hard work, we can see that this book exists a little mistakes. what's more, many views were accepted by scholars. But this book still exists some flaws. Now we correct it again based on the achievements of those predecessors, and we add some evidences that our predecessors have said but didn't speak clearly enough. In the same time we give corrections of the errors in our predecessors'correctings. And that we got the errors by chance which was not found by predecessors is a happy thing. The most important value of this article is the relationship between Hshn-tzu and Chu culture. Hshn-tzu had visited the state of Chu two times, finally died Lanling. He was bound to be influenced by Chu culture. If so, some articles of this book were written by Chu characters. Therefore we use the Chu characters to correct this book and find many errors in the existing versions. Wang Niansun had used the inscriptions on a tablet and Commonly used scripts to rectify books, Yu Shengwu had also used inscriptions to rectify books, In addition to the two kinds of methods, now we rectify books of pre-Qin Dynasty and Han Dynasty, we had better use the newly materials in the underground. Only in this way can we have more insights for the studies of texts.