簡評牟宗三邏輯著作中的一些問題

A Short Review of Some Questions in the Logical Works of Tsung-san Mou

牟宗三先生在他的一些著作中談到邏輯，我們只把焦點放在他引自羅素與懷海德的《數學原理》的幾個問題上。其中一個問題是牟先生誤解外延函數與內涵函數的區分，他視為是命題內的意義與外的意義。我們有理由相信牟先生不知道羅素與懷海德所說「函數的函數」的意義。另一問題是牟先生誤解形式涵蘊的意思。羅素與懷海德說形式涵蘊是在全稱量詞範圍中總是成立的涵蘊關係。牟先生完全不考慮什麼是全稱量詞範圍，他只談兩個函數間的涵蘊關係。他說的涵蘊只能是實質涵蘊，不會是形式涵蘊。

Tsung-san Mou talks about logic in some of his works, we only focus on several questions that Mou introduces from Whitehead and Russell's Principia Mathematica. One of the questions is that Mou misunderstands the distinction between the extensional functions and the intensional functions as the distinction between the internal meaning and external meaning of propositions. We have good reasons to believe that Mou does not know what Whitehead and Russell talk about a function of a function. Another question is that Mou misunderstands what is formal implication. Whitehead and Russell explain that formal implication is the implication always hold in the scope of a universal quantifier. Mou does not care about what the scope of a universal quantifier is, he only talks about the implication between two functions. What Mou says is the material implication, not the formal implication.