景觀複雜度對自然景觀偏好之影響

The Effect of Landscape Complexity on Natural Landscape Preference

在景觀偏好相關研究中，景觀複雜度與景觀偏好之間的關係一直都是許多學者致力研究的 方向。然而，在較早期的研究中，皆缺乏較客觀測量景觀複雜度之方式，研究之成果亦有所不 同。碎形維度為近年來新興的概念，具有自我相似之特性及描述景觀中複雜特徵之能力，因此 本研究嘗試利用碎形維度作為景觀複雜度的測量指標，探討景觀複雜度與景觀偏好之關係，並 嘗試透過實證研究驗證複雜度與景觀偏好之關係曲線。本研究以自然景觀照片作為刺激物，測 量受測者對一系列自然景觀照片之景觀偏好，同時利用軟體分析每張照片之碎形維度值。研究 結果顯示自然景觀偏好與碎形維度值兩者之間呈一倒U字形二次曲線關係，當碎形維度值約為 1.333時，景觀偏好值最高，表示人們偏好複雜度中間偏低之自然景觀。透過碎形維度作為測 量指標，本研究確實驗證前人對景觀複雜度與景觀偏好倒U曲線關係之假設，在景觀複雜度相 關研究中極具貢獻。

The effect of landscape complexity on landscape preference has long been discussed. However, previous studies had difficulty objectively measuring landscape complexity, thus have obtained varied results. This study attempts to evaluate the effect of landscape complexity on individual preferences for natural landscapes, and to verify the relationship between them. Fractal dimension, a newly emerged concept, is applied as the index of landscape complexity in this study because of its self-similarity identity and ability to describe the complexity of landscape characteristics. This study uses a series of natural landscape pictures as stimuli, where the preferences of each picture are evaluated by the participants, and the fractal dimension (Db) is measured by software. The analytical results show the existence of an inverted U-shape curve between the fractal dimension and landscape preference, 1.333 is the most strongly preferred Db value. According to the result, people preferred lower-middle landscape complexi ty most, which confirms the hypothesis proposed by previous researchers. The application of fractal dimension and the results presented in this study are valuable in related fields and can contribute to the future research.