地震災害風險認知與社區防災意識關聯性研究

Relationship Study of Earthquake Risk Perception and Community Disaster Cognition

台灣經歷921大地震後，社區總體營造逐漸成為災後社區重建計畫之基本理念，並開始推動社區防災；爰此，本研究以921重建地區之南投市，遴選具有重建經驗之社區居民作為問卷調查對象，運用結構方程模式（Structure Equation Model, SEM）針對影響社區居民防災認知行為與政府對於地震災害防災資訊提供建立驗證假說，探討「地震災害風險認知」、「災害資訊提供的重要性認知」及「社區防災意識認知」之關聯性，驗證假說模式之適用性與各變項間的因果關係，建立「地震災害風險認知與社區防災意識關聯性」評估結構方程模式。結果顯示居民之「地震災害風險認知」程度愈高，對於「災害資訊提供的重要性認知」程度也相對提升。「地震災害風險認知」經由「災害資訊提供的重要性認知」對於「社區防災意識認知」產生正向影響，政府未來可以考慮由居民角度審視政府提供災害資訊之重要性評價程度，促使居民自主性參與社區防災。

After the disaster experiences of the 921 Earthquake in 1999, community reconstruction played an important role in the community disaster prevention system. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of disaster prevention cognition of community residents and disclosure of information about the disaster to the public. The Structure Equation Model (SEM) is used to construct a hypothesis about earthquake risk cognition, resident participation in community disaster prevention cognition, and importance cognition of the government providing earthquake disaster information. The case study area is dedicated to the reconstruction district in Nantou City. Questionnaire survey results are verified by SEM explaining the causal effects of assumptions and the importance of community disaster prevention information integration and management systems. The SEM results show that improving the willingness of residents to participate in community disaster prevention can enhance the efficiency of urban disaster risk management planning.