五都能源效率、指標與不均度比較：以家庭用電為例

Energy Efficiency, Indicators, and Inequality of Five Municipalities: Household Electricity Consumption

本研究藉由實地問卷調查資料，以台灣五個直轄市為研究對象，篩選出合適之變數及模式後，採用資料包絡分析法分析五都家庭的用電效率與不均度。研究結果發現，DEA-CCR效率以台南市與台中市較差，新北市與高雄市效率較佳；而DEA-CCR效率與所得均電量、人時均電量、人均電量、坪均電量等指標的相關係數介於0.374~0.480，其中以人均電量與DEA-CCR效率之相關係數最高為0.480，表示人均電量指標為DEA-CCR效率的良好替代指標。就用電不均度而言，台南市在所得均電量、人時均電量與人均電量皆屬於用電不均度較小的都市，而台中市則是在人時均電量、人均電量與坪均電量皆屬於用電不均度較大的都市。

First, this study uses the DEA method to compare the efficiency of household electricity consumption for 1000 homes. Second, the DEA efficiency is compared with power efficiency indicators to identify the most relevant indicator to replace DEA efficiency. Third, according to the amount of electricity consumed by highest and lowest consuming groups, power inequality is calculated. The actual amount of household electricity consumed can be used to establish various indicators of electricity consumption, such as the potential indicator, energy-saving indicator, warning indicator, penalty indicator. The DEA efficiencies of five municipalities (Taipei City, New Taipei City, Taichung City, Tainan City, Kaohsiung City) are 0.2966–0.3386. Household electricity consumption in Taichung City and Tainan City is less efficient than that in New Taipei City and Kaohsiung City. Lower standard deviations exist in Tainan City and Taipei City than in Kaohsiung City and New Taipei City, meaning that in these two municipalities, living habits (such as eating, washing, the number of hours at home, and leisure habits), electrical equipment efficiency, ages of houses differ significantly.