考慮需求成長與擁擠因素之廠商區位選擇

DUOPOLY LOCATION CHOICES IN A GROWING MARKET WITH CONGESTION

在空間競爭議題中，Zhou and Vertinsky （2001） （Z-V模型）針對兩廠商在面對成長市場的情況下，採用價格競爭方式，探討廠商之區位選擇問題，其結論為後進入廠商會盡量遠離先進入者（差異極大）。本研究使用數量競爭方式，探討兩個廠商在面對兩種不同型態市場（一為需求固定的舊市場，一為需求成長的新興市場）的情況下，並加入擁擠因素的考量，而得到與Z-V模型不同的結論：當擁擠參數較小時，兩廠商會聚集在新市場（差異極小）；當擁擠參數較大時，兩廠商會分散在不同市場（差異極大）。此外，本研究亦討論參數變動時，廠商的利潤以及進入市場時機的變化。

On the issue of spatial competition, Zhou and Vertinsky (2001) (Z-V model) analyze a duopoly location using price competition in a growing market. They find that the late entrant always locates in the peripheral location (maximum differentiation). Our study explores the location of a duopoly using quantity competition in two markets (a demand-fixed market and a growing market) adding the consideration of congestion. We obtain the result different from Z-V model: the two firms will agglomerate at the new market (minimum differentiation) when the congestion parameter is small and will separate at different market (maximum differentiation) when the congestion parameter is large. In addition, this study also analyzes the impact on the firm’s profit and the time of entry when the parameters change.