民眾對公園綠地防災機能認知與避難行為傾向之探討

RESIDENTS' COGNITIONS OF PARK DISASTER-PREVENTION FUNCTIONS AND EVACUATION TENDENCY

本研究以環境心理學、社會心理學的角度切入，探討民眾對公園綠地防災機能的認知與其避難行為傾向之關係。受測者以居住台北市大同區、中山區、松山區、信義區、大安區、中正區、萬華區等七個行政區中各國中學區的家長。經由卡方檢定得知避難場所的選擇會因教育程度、是否擁有住宅、居住學區及避難經驗的不同而具有差異，其中以國中以下、租賃者、曾避難至公園者、居住於雙園國中學區者選擇公園綠地的比例較高。其次，利用獨立性T檢定得知選擇公園與非公園，其對公園綠地防災機能「減輕火勢」、「降低不安情緒」、「緊急避難場所」、「擺放救災物資」等認知上真有顯著差異，以選擇公園為避難場所者其認同程度較高，由此可知，認知與行為傾向的表現一致。

The purpose of this study was to investigate residents' cognitions of park disaster-prevention functions and evacuation tendency, and furthermore test the relationship between cognition and evacuation tendency. The data were collected from parents of junior high school students in Taipei. Statistical methods such as Chi-square test and independent sample T test were used to examine the relationships among personal characteristics and choice of emergent shelters, and cognition of functions of park disaster-prevention. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Residents' personal characteristics did affect the choice of emergent shelter's type. The characteristics include social status (such as education, home ownership, dwelling place) and past experience of evacuation behavior.2. Residents' cognition of functions of park disaster-prevention (such as mitigating fire power, descending uneasy feeling, emergent shelter, and placing materials) affect the choice of emergent shelters' type.