環境風險管理決策中之公眾認知探討－－以地震災害減緩措施為例

STUDY ON THE PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF EARTHQUAKE HAZARD MITIGATION IN DECISION-MAKING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT

環境風險管理決策攸關民眾生命財產的權益，如何適度考量民眾的風險認知，提出一周延而具可行性的風險策略，實有其必要性。本文提出以專業評估為基礎、公眾認知為政策調整的環境風險決策程序，並以地震為例，透過對嘉義市民的調查分析，以瞭解民眾對於地震風險的認知、地震災害減緩措施的態度、以及強化關鍵性建築物或設施的優先性意見。透過民眾認知的驗證，政府在減緩地震風險所提的措施，將更能符合民眾的期望而獲得較大的支持。結果顯示地震減緩的各項措施普遍獲得民眾高度的支持，這也回應了民眾因為對於地震影響程度存有極高的憂慮，而希望藉由減緩措施的施行來減低其生命與財產在地震中可能受到的傷害。

Environmental risk management is highly related to public lives and properties; therefore, it is necessary to propose a feasible strategy based on the adequate consideration of public perception on risk. This paper proposes a decision-making process in which explores both professional evaluation and public perception on risk mitigation of earthquake. It conducts a survey of residents in Chia-Yi City to understand the public perception on seismic risk, mitigation of earthquake hazards, and the priority of strengthening buildings and infrastructures. By considering public perception on the seismic mitigation, the measures which government proposed will be addressed to the expectation of people. The result shows that people support all mitigation measures. Absolutely, this is a response of people's concerning about the consequence of seismic risk and hoping for reducing earthquake hazards by implementing mitigation measures.