無旅次起迄資料的基地開發交通量衝擊評估模式之建立

A TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT MODEL FOR SITE DEVELOPMENT WITHOUT USING TRIP O-D DATA

近代都市規劃傾向於要求基地開發者自擬開發計畫且提出交通衝擊評估，以期舒緩地區交通問題。目前基地開發的交通量衝擊評估技術仍多採用傳統四階段交通運輸規劃方法，它通常需要旅次起迄資料。然而旅次起迄資料並不容易取得。本文提出一套基地開發交通量衝擊評估模式，它僅需蒐集和調查開發基地附近的路網特性、交通量、和簡單的土地使用資料，即可進行基地開發之交通量衝擊評估。本模式以最大熵模式和使用者均衡指派模式為基礎，發展出一套簡明的基地開發交通量衝擊評估程序。本文以一套假設案例資料說明本模式的可行性，採用本模式可避免或減少因旅次分配資料陳舊或缺乏所導致的交通量預測之誤差。本模式的實際操作成本應屬基地開發的合理負擔範圍內，故值得推廣。

Recently a new trend of demanding land developer to do traffic impact assessment (i.e. TIA) is going on in Taiwan's planning field. Fundamental issues existing in it are the inadequacy of TIA's techniques and the insufficient data, one of them is the lack of trip O-D data which is usually not available for land developers. But, most existing techniques need trip O-D data to do TIA. This article provides a TIA technique which uses very limited and collectable data, not including the trip O-D data, to do a traffic impact analysis for site development. The model is theoretically based on the entropy maximization model and the user equilibrium assignment model, and a concise procedure for a TIA is provided from it. The utilization of this model could reduce the possible errors causing from the lack of trip O-D data. Moreover, the operating cost of this proposed model is reasonable low for site development, it is worthy to extend to practitioners of land development.