安置少年轉銜服務初探

Exploring the transition services: from residential care to independence

轉銜服務是台灣青少年社會工作的新興議題，強調協助安置兒少能夠在結案後順利重返家庭與社區，並成功地進入成人期。過去的相關研究多半關注安置兒少的結案後生活與需求，鮮少探索轉銜服務過程之安排與影響。本研究因而採取質性研究法，透過與某少年安置機構合作，以焦點團體訪談機構任職之專業人員五人，同時以深入訪談訪問結案少年十人，探討兩者對於轉銜服務之看法與經驗。研究結果顯示現有的轉銜服務尚存許多亟待改善之處，諸如安置機構應該提前告知結案日期，以激勵少年的準備動機；結案前後都可察覺少年的心理恐慌，必須協助建構穩定的支持網絡；追蹤輔導團隊的服務應該提早至少年結案前，以建立穩定關係，確實產生服務功能；以及不同專業與團隊間合作機制應該予以建制，才能鋪設全面的支撐網絡，協助少年順利完成轉銜。

Transition service is a new domain of youth work in Taiwan, which focuses on how the careleavers can successfully return home and community and transition into adulthood. Previousresearch mostly paid attention to the lives and needs of youth leaving care rather than the transitionservice process. This research was undertaken in a residential centre for teenagers, and collectedrich data from professionals by focus group interview and youth care leavers by one-by-one,in-depth interview.Some findings emerge in this research. Firstly, the accurate date of leaving care placementshould be informed as soon as possible in order to inspire and prepare the care leavers. Secondly, asupport network must be established for care leavers, before and after the residential care, for theiremotional instability. Thirdly, the first contact between the care leavers and working group shouldtake place when the teenagers are still in care. The relationship can be established in this case andthe support service can therefore work. Finally, different professionals and working groups shouldwork together in order to build a comprehensive support network and help the youth care leavers tocomplete their transitions successfully.