談與成年子女關係對隔代教養者壓力調適之影響

The impact of the relationship with adult children on grandparents’ stress and coping

隔代教養家庭已然成為目前家庭結構的主要類型之一，現在的隔代教養者不再只是單純的托育角色，而是孫子女的代理父母。隔代教養者與其成年子女的關係是其承擔教養角色的主要壓力來源之一，不穩定的成年子女對隔代教養家庭是一個主要的干擾因素，其影響包括：權威關係的拉扯、對親職能力的懷疑、隔代教養者與成年子女間關係的相互干擾、對成年子女的未竟情緒等。本文章的目的在透過壓力與調適理論架構，瞭解隔代教養者與成年子女的關係對其教養過程中壓力調適之影響。研究發現，隔代教養者與成年子女的關係對孫子女的未來影響甚鉅，不僅影響隔代教養者與孫子女的關係品質，進而掌握了孫子女成長環境的優劣與身心健康。從成年子女對隔代教養的影響以及壓力與調適理論來看，實務工作者可以從下列三點協助隔代教養者執行親職工作，包括：（1）重建權力與界線，增強教養能力與信心；（2）協助處理隔代教養者之失落情緒；（3）連結相關資源。未來如果能將成年子女的觀點加入隔代教養家庭議題的討論，相信主題的豐富性與創造性必會增加，也更能提供實務工作者在與隔代教養家庭工作所需要的知識與技術。

Raising grandchildren within house-hold is becoming one of the mainstay family typesnowadays. What these grandparents are involved is not only nursery but simply a surrogatingparents’ role. How to deal with the adult children who bear lawful parentship is a big stress tograndparents. These unstable adult children hinder grandparents from parenting theirgrandchildren, including power struggles between grandparents and their adult children, intrust onadult children’s ability to parent, interaction of the relationships between two of them and theunfulfilled emotion to adult children. The purpose of this study is to discover the impact of therelationship between grandparents and their adult children on stress and coping based on stress andcoping theory. The finding reveals that the relationships between grandparents and their adultchildren influence grandchildren a lot, not only the quality of relationship between grandparentsand grandchildren, but the environment in which grandchildren grow up and grandchildren’swell-being as well. According to the finding, the interventions may be thus ensued as follows:parentship-authority claiming, emotional loss towards adult children resolving, and resourcesconnecting. If the adult children’s perspectives can be involved in the future, I believe that therichness and creativity of this topic will be increased. Also, the knowledge and skills on workingwith the families in which grandparents are raising grandchildren will be provided.