英文摘要 |
The article “Polish Sinological Studies: The Past and Present” presents a historical survey on sinology in Poland. Offering valuable background for Polish history, the author depicts four developmental stages of Polish sinology. The stages are as follows. 1) Missionary sinology in 17th century Poland, in which the research focuses primarily on the activities of the three Polish Jesuits in China: Michał Boym, Jan Mikołaj Smogulecki, and Andrzej Rudomina. 2) Sinological research during the Second Republic of Poland (1918-1939), during which period the prominent figures were Jan Godzimir Jaworski (Chinese Buddhism) and Witold Andrzej Jabłoński (Chinese history, classics). At this time, French sinology exerted a dominant influence upon Polish sinological studies. 3) Sinological research during the rule of socialism in Poland (1945-1990), especially featuring prominent figures such as Janusz Chmielewski (Chinese logic) and Mieczysław Jerzy Künstler (Chinese culture and language). This period was characterized by a friendly relationship with the People’s Republic of China, which came to fruition in the form of exchanges of language teachers and the securing of various sinological materials. Many Polish diplomats in China who later made careers in sinological studies also emerged. 4) The development of sinological research in the Third Republic of Poland (since January 16, 1990), which occurred with the flourishing of major centers of contemporary sinology in Poland. These centers include places such as Warszawa (the Warsaw University), Poznań (especially the Adam Mickiewicz University), and Kraków (with special focus on the Jagiellonian University). Centers such as these stimulated the contributions of a variety of important scholars. In addition, the author mentions four Confucius Institutes in Poland which were founded at four Polish universities, the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, the Opole University of Technology, and the University of Wrocław. The establishment of these institutes has continued to stimulate and inspire interest in the language and culture of China. In his conclusion, the author adds important information on relevant subject matter (Polish sinologists abroad, for example) and elaborates on the overall background of European sinology (Chinese studies). This portion of the paper especially emphasizes the increasingly pragmatic and market-oriented development of academic studies in Poland, particularly in the humanities (inclusive of sinology) which is contra-productive to genuine growth in an academic discipline. (Thus, it appears possible for sinology to sacrifice its precious classical dimension in a more “popular” push to focus on contemporary sinological issues.) In order to gain broader acceptance, and attract wider acknowledgement, many Polish sinologists tend to use English more often in publishing their research. At the same time, it must be said, however, that this phenomenon also facilitates a high level of internationalization of academic projects and cooperation. |