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篇名
天人合一:興詩中的「道」
並列篇名
Man and Nature are One--Commentary on 'Tao' in 'Hsing'
作者 蕭麗華
中文摘要
「天人合一」是一個極複雜的命題,多數人把他納入儒家系統來解讀,本文以詩經為題材,以「天人合一」為命題,正欲突顯《詩》經過儒家思想正典化過程所失去的「道」文,即興詩之原始面貌。欲知《詩》,應從「興」入手,回復「興」詩中的「道」 就是回到「天人合一」的起點。如此,「興」在詮釋歷史上的歧義自可消弭。為了系統說明,本文除前言、結論外,全文凡分五節,第一節從歷代「興」義之解釋起論,以呈現自先秦、漢魏以來各色「興」義之糾葛;第二節針對近代學人中徐復觀、葉嘉瑩、陳世驤、周策縱等之論見加以層次化辨析,看出徐復觀、葉嘉瑩之「興」義偏向創作緣起論,陳世驤、周策縱之「興」義較近初民文化,但陳先生重「興」之盤游頌舞與反覆迴增之音韻,周先生重「興」之祭儀;第三節專從神話原型論「興」之本義乃言靈道說,是初民集體潛意識之表現,此即「天人合一」,第四節將種種「興」義以本義、衍生義、第一義、第二義之次序歸納為三,輔以詩例逐一論析,最後仍以「天人合一」為歸;第五節從《詩經》中撮舉「興」詩為例,以原型與非原型方式具體解讀,以證明何謂「興」詩中的道。綜言之,興的起始義離不開神祕性的感發,在初民社會,它是集體潛意識透過宗教儀式的顯現;在後代文學理論與文學技巧中,它是個體生命在創作的剎那,應物而感的「靈感」;在文本中,它是一種體裁,一種情景交融自然生發的音韻與聯想的語文形式。這是本文對「興」所體認的三層次意涵。
英文摘要
Man and Nature are one' is a complicated topic. Most of scholars acknowledge it through Confucian School. Though is not the real concept of this paper. As 'the Book of Odes' was canonized in a system of Confucian School, the literature of 'Tao' was lost. That is why this paper will debate about it. 'Hsing' is the key of 'the Book of Odes'. To recognize 'Tao' will reveal the real meaning of 'Hsing' and that will put an end in all of the divided opinions. For this reason, the following paper is issued with 5 sections. The first section arranged many famous opinions of all the past dynasties and raised dispute over them. The second section picked up 4 modern scholar's opinions and analyzed them systematically, toward the significance of 'Hsing'. Two scholars, 徐復觀 and 葉嘉瑩, thought that 'Hsing' is a kind of artistic inspiration. The other two scholars, 陳世驤 and 周策縱, thought that 'Hsing' is a indication of Logos in the beginning of mankind's history. The third section aimed the archetype, the collective unconscious of Chinese ancestor and discussed the primordial image through Myth. The fourth section made a verdict about the meaning of 'Hsing' and separated it into three implications. Finally the fifth section selected some poems from 'the Book of Odes' with 'Hsing' and read them pass the way or not the way of archetype. I think, in the beginning, 'Hsing' is a way that mankind communicated with nature, in the later periods, 'Hsing' is an inspiration of art and a method of symbolization. Thus end my conclusion.
起訖頁 1-23
關鍵詞 詩經天人合一TaoLogosHsingpoetrythe book of OdesMan and Nature are One
刊名 中央大學人文學報  
期數 200012 (22期)
出版單位 國立中央大學出版中心
該期刊-上一篇 《薩德,閨房中的政治哲學:從政治的「性化」到性的「政治化」》
 

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