不法原因給付對於認定財產犯罪的影響－－立足於財產概念與“非法”佔有的考察

The Effect of Payment of Unlawful Cause on Determination of Property Crime: A Discussion Based on the Concept of Property and 'Illegal' Possession

民事法律中的不法原因給付制度旨在對不法給付行為進行一般預防。受終局性標準的限制，不法原因給付不同於不法原因委託。在處理涉及不法原因給付或委託的財產犯罪案件時，需依據不法原因給付和委託的民事法律後果謹慎判斷行為人是否出於“非法”佔有目的侵犯了他人“財產”。不法取得的無權佔有以及用於不法目的的財物仍然是刑法意義上的財產，不法勞務與民法上無效的請求權則不屬於財產犯罪保護的對象。在認定“非法”佔有目的時，需著重考察行為人意圖創設的財產狀態是否符合不法原因給付制度確立的財產歸屬原則。

In civil law, the rule of payment of unlawful cause is aimed at preventing unlawful payment generally. Limited by the standard of finality, the concept of payment of unlawful cause is different from that of trust of unlawful cause. When dealing with property crimes involving payment or trust of unlawful cause, a prudent judgment should be based on the civil legal consequences of payment or trust of unlawful cause, in order to determine whether the perpetrator acts out of the intent of 'illegal' possession and whether the perpetrator acting out of that intent infringes others person's 'property'. While unentitled possession and property intended for unlawful purpose remain within the concept of property in criminal law sense, illegal labor and invalid right of civil claims are not within the protection of property crime legislation. When determining the intent of 'illegal' possession, it is necessary to focus on whether the state of the property the perpetrator intended to achieve is in line with the principle of property ascription established on the rule of payment of unlawful cause.