退伍軍人桿菌、醫院環境監測與用水之實證探討

Environmental Monitoring and Detection of the Legionella SPP. in Hospitals and Water Supply Systems: An Empirical Study

本人針對退伍軍人桿菌的發現歷史、微生物特性、致病機轉、臨床疾病、流行病學等面向進行相關文獻的探討，從臨床實驗是建立退伍軍人桿菌的培養與鑑定流程，結合臨床環境採檢與檢測之實務經驗，說明採檢作業、臨床微生物實驗室接種處理、初步篩檢試驗、血清分型確認試驗到分子分型等方法，並且比較和分析各種實驗室診斷方法之優缺點，為建構退伍軍人桿菌培養和鑑定流程做一完整的說明。最後，根據國內外的文獻探討與經驗，介紹醫療機構常見環境供水系統消毒法。希望透過本文系統性的回顧，做為臨床微生物實驗室工作者與感染管制人員，有關退伍軍人桿菌監測的工作指引。

We conducted a literature review of the epidemiology of and the history, microbial characteristics, pathogenesis, and clinical diseases caused by Legionella spp. Then, we share the practice experiences on clinical environment mining checked and detection. We compared various laboratory diagnostic methods, from preliminary screening tests to confirmatory tests, in order to detect the presence of Legionella. Finally, we evaluated the water-disinfection system that exists within health care organizations. The main objective of this study was to provide clinical microbial laboratory technicians with information for the prevention and control of Legionella infections.