回憶法與英國博物館：促進年長者參與之應用

Reminiscence Work and U.K. Museums : An Application for Engaging Elderly People

本文擬以英國博物館如何運用回憶法，增進博物館與高齡觀眾間之互動為研究主題，採用文獻回顧及個案研究法，探討其實踐之方法與可能產生的倫理議題。本文首先整理回憶法、生命回顧及口述歷史之差異，以釐清回憶法之目標與應用方式。其次，以「愛丁堡記憶與物件計畫」與「倫敦歲月流轉回憶中心」為研究個案，分析並討論博物館運用回憶法之方法與影響。研究發現博物館運用回憶法能拓展高齡觀眾、增進可觸摸藏品之應用與多元議題的關懷，以及加強跨世代教育與多元媒介之應用。最後，從回憶法所引發的相關倫理議題，探討博物館進行回憶法所需要的知能與技巧，希冀藉由引介英國博物館應用回憶法之實踐與討論，提供台灣博物館因應日漸高齡化社會時，一個思索的參考。

This paper aims to discuss the practice and ethical issues of reminiscence works in relation to engagement of the elderly in the museums of the U. K. by adopting literature review and case studies as research methods. First, different purposes and methods of reminiscence, life review and oral history are compared and clarified. Secondly, the “Edinburgh Memories and Things Project” and the “London Age Exchange Centre” are analyzed as two case studies to explore the methods and influences of applying reminiscence work in museums. This research shows that reminiscence work can help museums to engage more elderly visitors, increase the access of handling collection, raise the awareness of multicultural issues, and provide inter-generational work and various media communication of museums. Lastly, ethical issues and professional trainings required of the reminiscence work are discussed in detail. Through the introduction of reminiscence work in the U. K. museums, it is hoped to provide examples and new approaches for Taiwanese museums to engage elderly visitors in the aging society.