禪宗典籍中的華嚴思想──以《祖庭事苑》為中心

Huayan Thought in Chan Texts: with Special Focus on the Zuting shiyuan

華嚴思想在中國佛教歷史之發展，到了晚唐和北宋時期進入了另一個重要的階段，此時華嚴思想持續地在中國佛教各宗派中保有重要之影響地位，尤其是《華嚴經》之文句一直是禪宗典籍中屢被引述的內容。本文以北宋禪宗典籍《祖庭事苑》中的四華嚴思想為主軸，延展探討到其他禪宗典籍中。《祖庭事苑》廣泛地引述了《華嚴經》、《華嚴經》論疏和華嚴祖師著作的文句，包含了唐代杜順（557-640）、李通玄（635-730）、法藏（643-712）、澄觀（738-839）和北宋五台承遷（活躍於997-1022之間）的著作。筆者主要分析《祖庭事苑》中—「正受三昧」、「曦光」、「六相」和「想變體殊」四華嚴思想，並從禪宗典籍的文獻資料搜尋，提供具體實例，顯現華嚴義理文句，如何從唐到宋初時被禪宗祖師作為機峰對答或闡明悟境之用。

In Chinese Buddhist history, the development of the Huayan tradition enters an impor-tant stage during the period of the late Tang to the early Song. Although no Huayan master from this period enjoys the same eminent status as the early Huayan patriarchs, Huayan teachings have maintained an influential role in the Chan school. The author aims to identify and analyze contents relating to Huayan thought discussed in a particular Chan text compiled in the Northern Song, the Zuting shiyuan (Chrestomathy from the Patriarchs’ Hall). This article briefly introduces the features of the Zuting shiyuan and explores four Huayan concepts contained in the Zuting shiyuan. The Huayan jing, exegeses on the Huayan jing, and works by Huayan masters, such as Dushun (557–640), Li Tongxuan (635–730), Fazang (643–712), Chengguan (738–839), and Wutai Chengqian (active 997–1022), are cited in the Zuting shiyuan. The author then undertakes a broad examination on the four Huayan concepts appearing in various Tang and Song Chan texts. Some noteworthy features of how these four Huayan concepts were applied by Chan masters in their practices and teachings will be summa-rized. It is the author’s hope to contribute new information on Huayan teachings from the Chan perspective during the late Tang and the early Song.