從傅柯的〈懲罰的溫和方式〉看台灣的監獄宗教教誨──以佛光山為例

From Michel Foucault’s “The Gentle Way of Punishment” to View the Religious Moral Instruction in Taiwan’s Prison—A Case Study of Foguang Shan

近年來，國內宗教團體積極拓展社會福利工作，除了一般的慈善救助之外，更參與監獄教化的行列。本文試圖採取傅柯（Michel Foucault）有關於監獄懲罰的觀點，討論宗教團體在監獄的宗教教誨工作所扮演的角色以及其功能。傅柯在《規訓與懲罰》一書當中，詳細的論述監獄發展的沿革以及政治權力的另類展現，對於當代宗教團體參與監獄教化可以在其對「懲罰」的論述看到完整的表述。藉由傅柯〈懲罰的溫和方式〉之內容，將更清楚的呈現宗教教誨在監獄懲罰過程中與政治權力的互動情形。本文主要分為兩個部分，首先針對佛光山所出版的相關文獻，對該教團參與國內監獄宗教教誨的沿革作一整理；再者，針對星雲大師所出版的個人日記當中，對於有關宗教教誨的理念與傅柯〈懲罰的溫和方式〉作一比較。

In recent years, in addition to common beneficent aids, the domestic religious groups expanded their works of social welfare actively and also participated in prison’s cultivation work. This article tends to discuss the role and function of religions toward instructions in the prison in terms of Michel Foucault’s viewpoints of prison punishment. In his book named Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, Foucault exhaustes the history of prison development and abnormal exhibition of political authority. He also describes the relationships between punishment and participation of contemporary religions in detail. Foucault amply represents the interaction between religious cultivation and political authority in the process of prison punishment in the content of “The Gentle Way of Punishment”. This article has two main parts. First, this article collates Foguang-Shan’s religious cultivation in prison according to their published literatures.Then, this article also compares Michel Foucault’s concept of religious cultivation in his “The Gentle Way of Punishment” with Master Xing-Yun’s personal diary.