臺灣宗教組織的社會道德規範：以慈濟功德會為例

Social Moral Standard of Religious Organization in Taiwan – A case study of the Buddhist Tzh-Chi Merits Society

宗教組織對社會之正面影響，除了提供心靈的支持和精神的慰藉，以滿足個人之心理需求之外，基於道德的立場，利用教義及儀式來規範信徒的行為，使之合於社會規範，維繫社會的穩定，則是宗教的淑世功能之一。慈濟功德會三十多年來，就事相而言，是濟貧教富；在實相而言，則是淨化人心。慈濟對於品德的堅持，帶動了社會重視道德規範的觀念，也因此能獲得社會大眾的深度信任。本文分別從1、大乘佛教的宗教倫理；2、慈濟的道德論述與儒家思想；3、慈濟的社會道德規範之重要內涵及傳布管道；4、社會影響等面向，來探討慈濟的道德規範與精神指標為何？與中國傳統儒家思想的契應關係如何？慈濟透過何種管道和方式來倡導誠信的社會規範？藉由「慈濟經驗」對社會道德規範重建的耙梳，進一步來檢證與省思臺灣宗教組織與社會道德規範之間的親和性關係。

The positive influence of religious organization reflects on society of which not only it can provide a shelter for individual to support their soul but also giving energized sources to comfort their spirit. This kind of ethic based group carries out religious doctrines and observance to discipline followers to agree with social rule in terms of holding the settled society, an indefeasible purifying function of religion to stable the world. More than three -decades of growth and development, the mission engaged by the Buddhist Tzu-Chi Merits Society, in an aspect of service phrase is to instruct the rich how to release the poor while educating those more prosperous, in another aspect of substantial phrase is to purify the will of the people. According to the resistance of morality to her followers that has drawn the society pay more attention on the concept of moralities that is also the motivation why can attain many puts confidence in this organization. This paper leads three versions of connotation and disseminative channel and social influences as refer to the ethics of Mahayana, religious moral, Tzu-Chi's morality discussion, Confucianism, and Tzu-Chi's morality nor in to discover the moralities norm and spiritual guideline of the Tzu-Chi. What is its analogous relation to traditional Confucians thought? And what is its channel and means to propose an ethic of sincerely honest social norm. At last, to further test and verify kinship between Taiwan's religious organization and social moralities through the dialogue of social norm reconstruction refers to Tzu-Chi's ethic practice.