從組織、科技與環境層面探討ERP系統導入之影響因素－－台灣企業之多重個案研究

Organizational, Technological and Environmental Factors Affecting the Implementation of ERP Systems: Multiple-case Study in Taiwan

隨著企業經營規模日益成長與擴大，企業逐漸重視作業流程、企業資源和資訊系統之整合問題，近年來，已有許多企業紛紛導入相關創新性企業電子化應用系統以增加企業競爭優勢，而企業資源規劃（Enterprise resource planning, ERP）系統乃是企業電子化的重要基礎，企業導入ERP系統的主要目的在於充分整合企業資源、強化作業效率以及增加企業經營績效，進而提昇組織競爭力。然而，許多企業導入ERP系統成效往往不如預期理想，從過去資訊系統導入文獻可以瞭解到許多組織內、外部的因素將影響資訊系統導入成效。本研究的主要目的在於依據以往資訊系統相關理論與文獻基礎，深入探討影響ERP導入成效之相關層面與因素，本研究採多重個案研究方法，共計訪談四家導入ERP系統公司之資訊高階主管，瞭解其導入ERP系統之實務經驗並從中探討影響個案公司導入成效之組織、科技與環境等層面之問題。根據多重個案分析結果，本研究共計推導出十二個相關研究命題，此研究結果可以提供實務界做為未來導入ERP系統的重要參考。後續研究者亦可運用本研究推導之命題做為未來發展實證研究之理論基礎。

As the rapid progress of the scope of business operation, businesses have been considered the integration of processes, resources and information systems as one of the most critical issues facing by top managers. Recently, more and more enterprises have implemented innovative e-business applications to enhance their competitive advantage. Enterprise resource planning (ERP), the backbone of e-business applications, aims to integrate the resources, enhance the operational efficiency and the business performance to increase the organizational competitiveness. However, the effectiveness of implementing ERP systems is not as expectations for most businesses. From the past literatures, we can understand many internal and external factors may influence the effectiveness of implementation of information systems. The main purpose of this study is examine and explore the factors affecting the implementation of ERP systems based on past information systems theories. This study uses multiple-case study method to understand the implementation practices of ERP systems relating to organizational, technological and environmental factors of those four case companies, and four IS directors from different companies were interviewed. This study induces twelve research propositions. The implications of the findings for IS practice will be discussed. Moreover, this study will provide a valuable reference for business managers who are implementing ERP systems, and for researchers interested in the implementation of information systems and information technology.