張伯駒《叢碧詞話》探究

Study of Zhang, Bo-ju's “Cong Bi Ci Hua”

《叢碧詞話》是張伯駒在1961結集的詞話論著，共收錄91則詞話。本文從他對時代特色的詮釋、詞人詞作的評論、創作鑑賞的分析三方面加以探討。時代的排序中，張伯駒最肯定五代南唐的詞風。而詞人典範以周邦彥位居第一，為北宋詞之代表；南宋詞之代表則是吳文英，吳詞佳處，在有色繪修辭之美。在創作鑑賞部分，張伯駒著重琢句練字的自然優美，與聲律平仄的和諧美聽，張伯駒論析詞之鍛鍊修辭的目的已不在演歌，而是出自詞為音樂文學這種精雅藝術的鍾愛與敬意。張伯駒透過《叢碧詞話》的品評，比較、歸類範作的寫作技巧，以及標舉同質性的、可以普遍再現的美學規律，表達了他對深雅文化的維護，與延續詞之價值的努力。

Zhang, Bo-ju(張伯駒) collected his 91 discourses on Ci as a book called “Cong Bi Ci Hua” (《叢碧詞話》) in 1961. This paper discusses this book from the 3 perspectives of his interpretations of era characteristics, Ci composers' works, the practices and appreciation of Ci compositions. Amongst the eras, he appreciated the Nan Tang of 5 Dynasty Ci most of all.Amongst the composers of Ci, he selected Zhou, Bang-yen(周邦彥) as the best representative of plain depiction Ci of North Sung Dynasty ,and he picked up Wu, Wen-ing's (吳文英) Ci as the best in South Sung Dynasty for his beautiful characterizations of colour painting. On composition practices, he emphasized natural beauty of selecting words and phrases, and harmonious resonance in arranging melody patterns and metres(聲律平仄) in Ci compositions.The drills in Ci rhetorics is no longer for its performance but for the love and reverence of Ci as an subtle art of musical literature. Zhang, Bo-ju in this book compared and classified the compositonal techniques of examplar Ci works and elicited homogeneous,representable aesthetic patterns in order to express his endeavours in the preservation of elegant culture and continuation of values of Ci.