不怕神對手，只怕雷隊友：大學生在團體工作中印象管 理術的運用與社會賦閒感知

Not afraid of good opponents, only afraid of sucker teammates: College students' use of impression management strategies and perception of social loafing effect in group work

現今許多企業機構採用團體工作的形式來增進組織績效。許多組織中的成員 經常需要在短時間內形成一個高效率的工作團體，達成組織目標。過去許多文獻 指出影響工作團體發展的因素眾多，但對於學生在課堂上執行團體或團隊工作任 務過程中運用印象管理術（impression management)及社會賦閒效應（social loafing effect， sucker effect， or free-rider effect)感知程度的探討較少。因此，本研究 目的主要探討大學生執行團隊工作任務時其團體發展規模預測印象管理策略使用 意向與社會賦閒感知情形。研究對象為中部地區X大學商管科系選修組織行為課 的學生，以問卷施測，共發出161份問卷，實收得155份有效問卷，問卷回收率 為96.3%。問卷資料以迴歸分析與〖檢定驗證研究假設，得出三個主要發現：（一）團 體發展規模對印象管理策略的運用具有預測力；（二）不同性別在「獲得性」印象 管理策略的使用意向上有顯著性差異；以及（三）「反依賴與爭吵型」團體發展規 模對社會賦閒感知的預測力最佳。本研究結果希望提供給大專院校教師在課程設 計上運用團體活動或團體工作等教學策略上的參考以及有助於學術界有關印象管 理及社會賦閒等行為的後續研究。

Nowadays many firms and institutions have sought to increase organizational performance by adopting group work. Members of many organizations often need to form an efficient working group in a short period of time to achieve organizational goals. A number of previous literature pointed out that there were many factors influencing the development of work groups， but there was little discussion on college students' use of impression management strategies and social loafing effect in the process of performing group or team work tasks in class. Therefore， the purpose of the present study was to investigate college students' use of impression management strategies and their perceptions of social loafing effect in the process of group work. The study employed a survey tool to collect data. A total of 161 questionnaires were sent to the student-participants taking elective organizational behavior course， who were selected from a business and management related department of X University in the central Taiwan; out of which， 155 valid questionnaires were collected and response rate was 96.3%. The data were analyzed with regression and /-test， and finally three major research findings were achieved: (1) Models of group development had predictions on the use of impression management strategies; (2) there were gender differences in the use of assertive impression management strategies; and (3) the ＂counterdependency and fight＂ model of group development had the best prediction on the perception of social loafing effect. The present study are intended to be used as reference by faculty of colleges and universities in their curriculum design adopting group activities or group work teaching strategies; and hopefully， to contribute to academic researchers' further explorations of impression management and social loafing effect related issues.