防治跨國犯罪的挑戰與克服關鍵

The Challenges of Controlling Transnational Crime and Critical Factors for Overcoming Challenges

受全球化效應的影響，國界高穿透性與跨國連結的現象愈來愈明顯。官方資料顯示，近來的犯罪模式已有變化，跨越地區與國界的犯罪活動及犯罪組織正快速崛起。這些犯罪活動往往是由跨域的組織犯罪集團所主導，犯罪手法複雜，諸如跨國詐欺、毒品販運、人口販運、洗錢、電腦犯罪等。與傳統的街頭犯罪相較，跨國犯罪不僅對社會治安造成衝擊，更可能衍生政治與經濟方面的問題。顯見，犯罪已不再是單純的地區問題，若缺乏國際執法合作網絡，犯罪問題將難以有效控制。儘管國際合作是回應跨國犯罪的重要策略，但合作並不會憑空形成。因此，為達有效防治跨國犯罪之目的，實有必要了解國際合作推行過程中所面臨的挑戰，以及克服挑戰的關鍵因素。

The globalization effect has heightened cross-border linkages and made national frontiers seem more permeable than ever. According to official data, crime pattern has been changed recently. Transnational crime or cross-border criminal activities and organized crime groups are emerging rapidly. Since transnational crime, such as transnational fraud and drug trafficking, is usually committed by organized crime group, its methods of crime is more sophisticated than crime by individual. Transnational crime, compared with traditional street crime, not only impacts social order more seriously, also causes more political and economic problems. Obviously, crime has been not any more local problem. Without the network of international cooperation in law enforcement, crime will not be controlled effectively. However, international cooperation will not be formed automatically, even it is important strategy against transnational crime. Therefore, in order to control transnational crime effectively, it is necessary to explore the challenges of international cooperation and the critical factors for overcoming challenges.