巿售青黛藥材之薄層層析法分析　巿售決明子與望江南、知母藥材之形態組織及化學鑑別

THE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC STUDY OF INDIGO PULVERATA LEVIS, AND THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL IDENTIFICALION OF CASSIAE TORAE SEMEN, CASSIAE OCCIDENTALIS SEMEN AND ANEMARRHENAE RHIZOMA.

本研究收集不同性狀之市售青黛藥材五件，以性狀、熔燼顏色、薄層層析法進行分析，在性狀與熔燼顏色上，各檢體差別很大，經薄層層析法分析結果，只有兩件檢體含有靛藍（Indigo）。決明子與望江南于同屬豆科植物之種子，本研究係針對其外觀形態、組織切片比較其異同，結果外觀形態與子葉排列情形有顯著不同，但個部組織則極為類似；另以薄層層析法則可區別出兩者不同之圖譜（pattern）。市售知母藥材依大小分為大知母與小知母兩種，以形態組織鑑別比較，除大知母在表皮及木栓層較厚外，餘均無差異性存在，薄層層析法之圖譜亦完全相同。

In order to understand the quality of Indigo Palverata Levis, five different samples available on the market were collected, They were distinguished by their general characteristics, ash after ignition and thin layer chromatography. The results showed that the samples varied greatly in their general characteristiscs and their ash after ignition. According to the TLC results, only two of the samples showed the indigo spot. Cassiae Torae Semen and Cassiae Occidentalis Semen are derived from plants of the Leguminosae. We distinguished them by their morphological and anatomical features. The results showed marked differences in morphology and cotyledonal arrangement between them. However, anatomically the finer histological structures in them are quite alike. They were also distinguished them by the difference in their TLC patterns. It was found that there are two marketed varieties of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma-large and small size available on the market. Morphological and anatomical comparisons of the two varieties showed that they are no differences between them, except that the large sized variety was thicker in its epidermis and cork layer. Furthermore, the TLC patterns of the two varieties also were exactly the same.