仙道、聖政、世變－－宋濂〈蟠桃核賦〉之仙道書寫及其明初史學意涵

The Way of the Immortals, a Sagacious Government, and Changing Times: Song Lian’s Description of the Way of the Immortals in “Pan Tao He Fu” and Its Historical Meaning in the Early Ming Dynasty

本文主要依據文、史互證面向，以帝王、文臣、仙夢的漢賦書寫母題出發，分析宋濂奉制敬撰〈蟠桃核賦〉之文本書寫及其君臣心理，並進一步揭示明初君臣面臨傳統與當代、政治與宗教、思想與文學諸種深層世變意蘊。宋濂〈蟠桃核賦〉藉由仙道書寫所展現的歷史觀照與當代諷諭，亦深刻曲折地映射明太祖立國初期聖政圖景與政教策略間，扞格難全的歷史困境。

From the angle of Han fu 賦, motifs of emperors, ministers, and dreams of immortals, this essay analyses the writing strategy of Song Lian’s 宋濂 “Pan Tao He Fu” 蟠桃核賦 and the mentality of the emperors and ministers portrayed therein. This paper further shows that the emperors and ministers in the early Ming dynasty faced various kinds of opposing changes, such as tradition and modernity, politics and religion, intellectual thought and literature. Song Lian’s “Pan Tao He Fu” presents historic observations and contemporary satire in its description of the way of the immortals; it also fully reflects Emperor Hongwu’s historic dilemma between his desires for a sagacious government and the conflicting policies of politics and religion after he established the empire.