杜甫「詩史」定義的繁衍現家

The Proliferation of Definitions of Du Fu’s Poetry as “Shishi” (Poetry-History)

杜甫詩作素有「詩史」之譽，後來「詩史」亦成為中國詩學的重要概念和評價準則。自宋代以降，「詩史」似乎是一個耳熟能詳的概念，許多文人學者卻沒有承續前人的定義。杜詩風格、類型多樣，前人僅引用個別詩作，就將全部杜詩風格和特色概括，由「個人事跡」繁衍出各種說法。本文擬發掘各家說法的差異，考察關於杜詩與詩史問題的敘述方式，指出詩學觀念的變遷和發展，除了評論者和時代的因素外，也受到論述形式和語言文字特性的影響。

Du Fu’s 杜甫 poetry was known as “Shishi” 詩史 (poetry-history). It later became an important concept and a standard of appreciation in traditional Chinese poetics. Although “Shishi” was claimed to be widely known since the Song dynasty, scholars and literati did not share the same definitions with their predecessors. Diversity of style is the essential characteristic of Du’s works; however, studies in the past frequently quoted specific poems to conclude the essential features of all of Du’s poetry. This led to the proliferation of diverse definitions of “Shishi” based on “personal experience.” This paper attempts to differentiate between these definitions, and examines the methods of discussions of Du’s poetry and the problems derived from “Shishi.” The results of this study on “Shishi” reveal that the evolution and development of poetic concepts are influenced by the individual reasons of commentators, historical changes, the form of discourse, as well as the nature of language.