母親的依戀經驗、婚姻調適與其學齡前子女依戀關係之相關研究

The Study of Relationship between the Parent-Child Attachment of Preschool Children and the Maternal Attachment Experience and Marital Adjustment

本研究主要目的有四：(1)探討受試母親的依戀經驗與其學齡前子女依戀關係之關聯情形；(2)探討受試母親的依戀經驗與其婚姻調適之關聯情形；(3)探討受試母親的婚姻調適與其學齡前子女依戀關係之關聯情形；(4)探討受試母親的依戀經驗、婚姻調適以及與其學齡前子女依戀關係三者間的關聯情形。本研究對象為40位三至四歲之幼兒及其母親。研究共發出300份問卷（含成人依戀量表及婚姻調適量表），回收95份有效問卷，其中40位母親接受家庭訪問，同時進行依戀Q分類的施測。資料分析後，本研究獲致主要結果如下：1.受試母親的依戀經驗與其學齡前子女的依戀類型無顯著相關。2.受試母親的成人依戀量表中之躲避因素與其婚姻調適量表中的意見一致性、凝聚力以及婚姻滿意度三個分量表得分均達顯著負相關。3.安全依戀與不安全依戀類型之幼兒，其母親婚姻調適量表中的意見一致性、凝聚力、婚姻滿意度以及婚姻溝通量表中的討論表達等四個分量表得分均達統計顯著差異。

The purpose of this study are: (1) to examine the relationship between maternal attachment experience and the quality of their preschool children's parent-child attachment; (2) to examine the relationship between maternal attachment experience and the quality of their marital adjustment; (3) to examine the relationship between mother's marital adjustment and their children's quality of attachment; ( 4) to examine the relationship between maternal attachment experience, marital adjustment and the quality of their preschool children's parent-child attachment. The subjects of the study were 40 three to four-years-old preschool children and their mothers. Three hundred questionnaires (including measurement for adult attachment and marital adjustment) were sent. Ninety-five questionnaires were returned, among them 40 were interviewed to obtain maternal report on the Attachment of Q-set. The results of the this study show no relation between maternal experience of attachment and their preschool children's quality of parent-child attachment, but negative significant relations between maternal experience of attachment and the three aspects of marital adjustment. These are consistency, cohesiveness, and marital satisfaction. Regarding the relationship between marital adjustment and children's quality of attachment, study result shows that mothers of securely attached children have significant different marital adjustment status with those of insecurely attached children.