對拙著《紅太陽》一書批評的總回應

A General Reply to Criticisms of Hong Taiyang (Red Sun)

本文針對三方面的批評做出回應：第一個方面是片面性，專講中共領導人之間爾虞我詐的權力鬥爭，不講中共領導人的崇高信仰和寬闊胸襟；第二個方面是延安整風乃共產黨全黨共襄盛舉，不應該責以民主自由或人道主義的價值；第三個方面是既同情中共革命又否定中共革命，思想呈現矛盾。本文針對這些批評，一一加以回應，尤其針對「老延安」何方先生的指教，提出商榷。本人認為當局者迷，許多指教只有論斷，卻無論證，何方先生老延安的優越感導致他誤讀本書，而其一意追求歷史定論，也造成他無法容忍異見的獨斷傾向。《紅太陽》一書不允許在中國大陸公開發行，然新出資料也證明本書主要論點是站得住腳的。《紅太陽》的修訂再版，將修正個別史實錯誤，其基本架構則維持不變。本文最後指出延安整風經驗的特殊時空背景，建國以後奉為治國方略，造成歷史災難；鄧小平宣布與時俱進，加以揚棄，只是變得較遲，令人遺憾。

This reply deals with three issues raised by critics in regard to my book: first, the charge of one-sidedness, or that I only discuss the power struggle among the Communist Party leaders trying to outwit each other and not the high degree of trust and openness among party leaders; second, that I should not be saying that the entire CCP completely lacked the values of democratic liberalism and humanism; and third, that there is a contradiction between my sympathy for the communist revolution and my rejection of it. My reply considers each of these issues, particularly in regard to the points of the ”old Yanan hand” He Fang. I believe that contemporaries do not fully know what was happening at the time. He Fang was led to misread my book due to his pride in being an old Yanan hand, but his fixed views did not allow him to accept different opinions. Hong Taiyang was not allowed to be published in China, but pirated editions became very popular, showing that it could pass a certain kind of test; and indeed, newly discovered sources have supported its main arguments. The second edition of Hong Taiyang will correct obvious mistakes but maintain its basic framework. In particular, I emphasize the background of the Yanan ”rectification movement” and how, after the victory 1949, ”rectification” was made into a governing strategy. This led to disaster. Coming to power, Deng Xiaoping proclaimed the need to keep pace with the times and abandoned rectification, but it was too late.