| 英文摘要 |
For those interested in tracing the origins of contemporary Chinese rule in Tibetan, Turkic and Mongol regions, the Republican period (1912-1949) can seem like a messy interlude. As James Millward and others have shown, the Qing idea of empire as a polity containing multiple ethnic jurisdictions died before the end of the Qing. But it was not until the Communist victory that any Chinese government had the capacity to mount a sustained attempt to politically and culturally integrate all non-Han territory into the new Chinese nation state. Yet in the last seven years, several scholars have produced important work demonstrating that many later developments had their origins in the era between Qing imperialism and Communist rule. Gray Tuttle has shown that the religious links between China and Tibet formed during the Republican period resulted in connections that could be exploited by the Communists. James Leibold has traced the development of the idea of a unified Chinese nationality, inclusive of non-Han peoples, and Thomas Mullaney has demonstrated the importance of Republican era social science for the Communist ethnic classification project. |
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