老人照顧服務社會工作者之職能、專業認同、成就感與離職傾向

A Study of Competency, Professional Identity, Accomplishment and Turnover Intention of Social Workers in Elderly Care

隨著人口結構變遷，我國老年人口群對於照顧服務需求增加，也亟需社會工作專業人力之投入，但是有關實務工作者老人專業職能之研究仍相當不足，對於職能及其影響變項之討論也較為缺乏。因此，為了瞭解老人照顧服務社會工作者之職能、專業認同、成就感與離職傾向，本研究採取調查研究並以郵寄問卷搜集資料，經整理分析181份有效問卷，呈現受訪者在知識職能的自評分數較低，且人口背景變項影響職能、專業認同、成就感與離職傾向；進一步採取階層多元迴歸分析自變項對離職傾向的預測效果，發現知識職能、技巧職能與成就感為主要預測變項。最後，就統計分析結果，本研究提出有關社工職能與留任議題之討論，並建議應該採取以職能為基礎模式，檢視教育訓練課程之內容與成效，並深化相關議題之研究。

Due to changing demographics, there are growing numbers of older people in need of care services in Taiwan. Despite the escalating demand for geriatric social workers, there was a lack of studies dealing with social workers' competency and its relationship with outcome variables. In order to understand the description and relationship about competency, professional identity, accomplishment and turnover intention, this study used survey method and mail questionnaire to analyze opinions of social workers in elderly care. After counting and analyzing 181 questionnaire data, it was found that respondents' self-assessment knowledge competency displayed the lower scores, and demographic characteristics affected competency, professional identity, accomplishment and turnover intention. Furthermore, hierarchical multiple regression was used to understand the predictors of turnover intention. Results demonstrated that knowledge, skill competencies and accomplishment were the most important predictor variables for turnover intention. Finally, the implications and suggestions for competencies and retention of social workers were discussed.