高血壓病的治療

Treatment of Hypertension

高血壓是一種病因尚未完全明確的常見病，多發病。高血壓病的發病主要與大腦皮層機能混亂，內分泌系統功能失調，動脈血管舒縮功能障礙等方面有關。對病的治療，西醫主要通過限制鈉攝入，採用利尿劑，β受體阻滯劑，鈣拮抗劑，轉化抑制劑和血管擴張劑等降壓藥進行治療。高血壓病屬中醫「頭痛」、「眩暈」、「肝風」等病範疇。本病的發生歷來認為與情志所傷，惱怒憂思致肝氣鬱結，日久化火，耗損肝陰，陰不歛陽，致使肝陽上亢，化風化火有關‧‧‧‧‧‧高血壓病臨床表現多種多樣，以血瘀為主，辨証可分為氣滯血瘀、氣虛血瘀、痰濁挾瘀、陰陽失調挾瘀、肝熱挾瘀五型。活血化瘀是本病治療中的基本法則。

Hypertension is a kind of common disease, frequently-occurring disease. But its etiology and pathogenesis are not very clear. The pathogenesis of hypertension is related to functional disorder of cerebral cortex, endocrine system and artery vasomotor. Western medicine treats hypertension with sodium limit, diuretic, β-blocker, calcium antagonist, ACE inhibitors and vasodilator. In traditional Chinese medicine, hypertension is classified into the scope of headache, vertigo and liver-wind. It has been thought that the pathogenesis of hypertension is related to liver qi stagnation originating from affect-mind stimulation, anger and sadness. The stagnated qi transforms into fire and causes the deficiency of liver yin. The hyperactivity of yang due to yin deficiency forms wind and fire. The clinical manifestation of hypertension is complicated and diversified. The blood stasis syndrome differentiation can be subdivided into five types: qi stagnancy and blood stasis, qi deficiency and blood stasis, phlegm-dampness complicated with blood stasis, yin-yang imbalance complicated with stasis, liver-heat complicated with stasis. Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis is the basic principle treatment of hypertension.