轉換型領導對群體成員知識分享影響之跨層次研究：社會兩難觀點之分析

A Multi-level Investigation on the Relationships between Transformational Leadership and Knowledge Sharing: The Social Dilemma Perspective

肇因於知識分享具有社會兩難困境的特質，故如何能夠使群體成員分享知識並保留在組織之內而產生延續性便為領導者所面臨的挑戰。本研究藉由激勵式以及結構式增進群體成員知識分享的兩個重要方法，並透過轉換型領導、信任、知識分享和組織公民行為氛圍間關係，以層級線性模式（HLM）並以台中市一大型公營銀行所屬分行為研究對象進行跨層次的研究。而研究結果指出在不同層次之下，轉換型領導以及信任皆有助於知識分享，而組織公民行為氛圍僅在個體層次有正向干擾效果，在群體層次則恰相反。理論貢獻以及管理意涵均在文後討論。

This study adopts social dilemma perspective, proposing a multi-level framework to examine the influences of transformational leadership on knowledge sharing depending on the group organization citizenship behavior. We collect a multi-source data from branches of a large public commercial bank in Taichung. Through hierarchical linear regression analysis, our results suggest that transformation leadership is positively associated with knowledge sharing through trust at both individual and group levels. However, when team organization citizenship behavior is high, group trust is negatively associated with group knowledge sharing. We also discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these results.