反思《破產法》對合同的處理

Reflection on the Treatment of Contract in Chinese Insolvency Law

我國《破產法》第18條規定，管理人對破產程序開始時債務人和合同相對人均未履行完畢的合同有權決定繼續履行或解除，其目的在於增進債務人財產的價值，維護債權人的整體利益。照此目的，我國《破產法》在以下方面有待細化與補充：首先，應當設置給付為可分的情形的特則，對於管理人決定繼續履行合同時的合同相對人未受領的對待給付的請求權，應當區分是否為其未履行的給付的對價，分別作為破產債權或共益債權來處理；其次，應當從條文上明確，管理人解除合同發生恢復原狀的法律效果，合同相對人由此產生的請求權為共益債權。

According to the Article 18 of Chinese Insolvency Law, the administrator is entitled to decide whether to continue to perform or terminate the contract. The purpose is to enhance the value of the property of the debtor, and maintain the overall interests of the creditors. According to this purpose, the Chinese Insolvency Law needs to improve in the following aspects. First of all, we should set up special provisions of the situation that praestare is separable. Secondly, it should be clear from the provision that rescinding contract is producing legal effect of restoring the original status, and opposite party enjoys the claim of restoring the original status, it is common benefit right.