番人之眼的理論旅行── 論 Walis‧ Nokan（瓦歷斯‧ 諾幹）文學中的「理論」及運用

Travelling Theory from “In the Eyes of Barbarians”: The Application of “Theory” in the Literature Works of Walis．Nokan（瓦歷斯．諾幹）

泰雅族作家Walis．Nokan（瓦歷斯‧諾幹）在回歸部落重返泰雅認同、主體形成的摸索過程中，各種外來理論，不僅啟蒙了他的民族自覺，也左右了他對於台灣原住民族在政治、經濟及社會文化各領域的重新理解。透過消化、吸收外來理論思潮，他將之轉化為批判或內省的工具，進而延伸到他所關注的「台灣原住民族」文化存續的總體省思及建言。本文借用薩依德（Edward Said）的「理論旅行」概念，探討「西方理論」在他的文學創作與社會評論歷程中的傳播與運用，這些理論如何打造文風剽悍的「番人之眼」，促使他化番刀為利筆，寫下一篇篇有關泰雅族及原住民族命運的吶喊與社會變遷紀錄。有鑑於以「後殖民理論」探討瓦歷斯作品各面向的成果已見豐碩，因此，本文將另闢空間，以「後殖民之外」的論點，討論其他思潮對瓦歷斯的影響。

In the process of recognizing Walis Nokan’s own Atayal identity, various foreign theories not only enlightened his national consciousness, but also influenced his understanding of the Taiwan Indigenous Peoples in the political, economic and social culture stands. Through the comprehension of foreign theoretical thoughts, Walis transformed these thoughts to critique or introspective tools which he later used in giving important suggestions in sustaining Taiwan Indigenous culture. This article used concepts from the Travelling Theory by Edward Said, and discussed the influence/use of western theories on the literature and social criticism by an Atayal writer, Walis Nokan. These theories also helped in establishing a fierce writing style in the book In the Eyes of Barbarians (番人之眼), where the writer recorded chapters on the cry of Atayal People’s fate and their social changes. In view of the vast number of discussions using “post- colonial theory” on Walis works, this article will take up another point of view to discuss the impact of other thoughts on the Walis and his works.