員工健康行為的多層次影響因素初探：團隊健康氣候與主管魅力領導

The Multi-level Factors of Employee Health Behavior: Team Healthy Climate and Supervisor Charismatic Leadership

隨著工作型態的大幅改變，久坐不動及工時過長，缺乏健康的生活型態已經成了影響員工健康的重要問題。而員工健康促進的議題，嚴然已變成各領域關注的焦點及執行目標。職場健康促進的實施要點，便是建立員工的健康生活型態及促進健康行為為主，而多數員工每日有將近三分之一甚至更多的時間是待在工作場所中，因此團隊中的成員與工作場所創造支持性的健康環境，其生理及心理交錯影響所產生的健康氣候，對個體員工的健康行為所產生的影響，及在全面人性化的品質管理經營時代，與員工有密切接觸的部門或團隊主管展現其獨特領導策略，對於部屬健康行為的形塑是否具有典範及遵從效果。本文將以團隊健康氣候及團隊主管採取魅力領導方式，剖析及探討影響員工健康行為的表現，以期能建構新的理論及觀點提供各領域實務上的交流及驗證。

Due to substantial changes in work styles, long periods of sitting and excessively long working hours are increasingly common, and a lack of healthy lifestyles has become an important issue affecting employee health. Employee health promotion seems to have become a focus and goal of various fields. The main key in implementing workplace health promotion is the establishment and promotion of healthy lifestyles behaviors among employees. Most employees spend nearly one third, or even more, of their time in workplaces every day. Therefore, team members and workplaces can create a supportive and healthy environment, and the effects of a healthy climate caused by the interactions between its physiological and psychological factors can influence the health behaviors of individual employees. Furthermore, in the era of humanitarian quality management, the unique leadership strategies of departments or supervisors who have close contact with employees show a pattern and compliance effect on the shaping of subordinates’ health behaviors. The current study used team health climates and supervisors’ charismatic leadership to analyze and explore the factors influencing employee health behaviors in the hopes of establishing new theories and perspectives for practical use in various fields, including for verification and exchange purposes.