學齡前幼兒睡眠習慣與睡眠品質之相關研究

The Relationship between Sleep Habit and Sleep Quality in Preschoolers

本研究旨在瞭解台中市幼兒睡眠習慣與睡眠品質之情形，並探討睡眠習慣與睡眠品質之間的關聯性。採用問卷調查法，以隨機抽樣法抽取816名3至6歲幼兒為樣本，並使用自編「幼兒睡眠習慣及睡眠品質調查問卷」為研究工具。結果：﹙一﹚台中市幼兒睡眠困擾的發生率由高至低依序為夢囈、磨牙、單純打鼾、夢魘、夜尿、夜驚、夢遊、睡眠呼吸中止症。﹙二﹚有25.4%的幼兒夜間睡眠會中斷1次，幼兒平均夜間睡眠時間為9小時31分鐘，只有11.1%於9點前就寢。﹙三﹚不同睡眠姿勢的幼兒在夢囈、夢魘、磨牙困擾和夜間睡眠時數上達顯著差異。﹙四﹚不同親子共眠習慣的幼兒在夜尿困擾、起床時間和夜間睡眠時數上達顯著差異。﹙五﹚不同床邊安撫習慣的幼兒在夢魘、夜尿、磨牙困擾、單純打鼾和睡眠潛伏期上達顯著差異。台中市幼兒平均夜間睡眠時間不足10小時、只有一成的幼兒於9點前就寢，且幼兒睡眠習慣與睡眠困擾、夜間睡眠時數和睡眠潛伏期有顯著關聯，此結果應受相關單位重視。

This study investigates the correlation between sleep habit and sleep quality for preschoolers in Taichung city. Using random sampling, total of 816 copies of questionnaire “Self-Designed Preschoolers' Sleep Habit and Sleep quality” were distributed. Results: The sleep disturbances of preschoolers in Taichung city include (the rate of occurrence, from high to low) sleep talking, bruxism, primary snoring, nightmares, enuresis, sleep terror, sleep walking, and obstructive sleep apnea. About 25.4% of children have sleep interruption at least once during sleep at night, and the average sleep time of preschoolers in this area is 9 hours and 31 minutes. Only 11.1% of them retire by 9 pm. There is a significant difference between preschoolers with different sleep posture as for sleep talking, nightmares,bruxism, nighttime sleep hours. There is a significant difference among preschoolers with different co-sleeping habit as for enuresis, wake-up time, and nighttime sleep hours. There is a significant difference among preschoolers with different cooing habits as for nightmares, enuresis, bruxism, primary snoring, and sleep latency. The study found that preschoolers in Taichung city average less than 10 hours of sleep at night, only 11.1% of them retire by 9 pm, and preschoolers' sleep habit and sleep disturbances, nighttime sleep hours and sleep latency significantly related, this result requires the unit attention.