台灣醫療機構員工工作態度與組織績效相關性之研究

A Study of the Correlation between Staffs’ Job Attitudes and Organizational Performance of Taiwan Medical Institutions

面對醫療經營環境競爭激烈，醫療機構唯有增進經營效率、提升醫療服務品質、建立本身之競爭優勢，才能永續經營。而員工是企業最重要的資產，也是執行政策與推動變革的重要因子，顯見塑造員工良好的工作態度與行為，將是決定醫院績效與生存的關鍵因素。本研究針對98年仍在營運的醫院，分層抽取十分之一共55家醫院為研究對象，每家醫院發放20份問卷，共計1100份問卷，並參照醫院員工配置比率，採醫師：護理：醫技：行政為1：5：2：2之原則請各院負責人員協助發放問卷。回收有效問卷618份，有效回收率56.2%。研究結果顯示，員工工作態度之「工作滿足」、「工作投入」、「組織承諾」構面與組織績效之「組織目標」、「工作績效」、「品質績效」構面均呈現顯著正相關，其中又以工作滿足對工作績效相關程度最高。工作態度之「工作滿足」、「工作投入」、「組織承諾」三構面分別對組織績效之「組織目標」、「工作績效」、「品質績效」三構面均達到顯著影響性。醫院管理者應塑造員工良好的工作態度，以提供高品質的產品及服務，進而提升整個組織績效，方能維持醫院永續經營及發展。

Facing competitive environment, medical institutions can sustainable operate only by increasing operating efficiency, improving medical service quality and establishing their own competitive advantages. The staff is the most important asset for an enterprise, and also an important factor of policy implementation and innovation promotion; therefore, shaping staff’s good job attitudes and behaviors can be the key factor of determining the performance and survival of a hospital. This study uses stratified sampling, and selects 55 hospitals which are still operating in 2009 as study objects. 20 questionnaires are issued to each hospital, and 1100 questionnaires in total are issued. The 20 questionnaires are issued within a hospital according to staffing ratio which is MD: Nursing: Medical Technology: Administration: 1:5:2:2 principle. There are 618 valid questionnaires, and effective return rate is 56.2%. The reliability of each variable Cronbach's α values are: job satisfaction (0.910), job involvement (0.781), organization commitment (0.840), organization goals (0.913), job performance (0.861) and quality performance (0.757). The result shows that there is positive correlation between the dimensions of staff’s job attitude, such as “job satisfaction”, “job involvement”, “organization commitment”, and the dimensions of organizational performance, such as “organization goals”, “job performance”, and “quality performance”. Among them, job satisfaction has highest correlation with job performance. All of the three dimensions of job attitude, which were mentioned, have significant influences on the dimensions of organizational performance. The managers of hospitals should help their staffs to keep positive job attitudes in order to provide high-quality products or services, and eventually, to enhance entire organizational performance and reach sustainable development.