一般民眾對注意力不足過動症知識之初探

A Preliminary Finding on Knowledge of Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among the General Population

目的：調查一般民眾對注意力不足過動症（簡稱ADHD）瞭解程度及其ADHD知識的影響因素。方法：本研究對2014年5-7月新北市政府衛生局舉辦之ADHD衛教活動之問卷作二手資料統計分析。研究工具為ADHD知識問卷（5題選擇題），具良好信效度。結果：總計收集有效問卷122份（回收率88.4％）。研究樣本平均答對題數為2.96題，平均答對率59.2％。ADHD的流行特質的答對率為最低（43.4％），而可幫助患童的地方為最高（77.9％）。單變量分析結果顯示，ADHD知識高低與年齡、教育程度、職業、目前最小的小孩年齡、親友有無罹患ADHD有關。而多變量分析結果則只選入年齡、親友有無罹患ADHD，共可解釋31.8％的變異量。結論：民眾對ADHD知識仍不足，年齡、親友有無罹患ADHD為重要影響因子。研究結果提供給公衛、醫療及教育人員，對一般民眾ADHD知識之衛教宣導活動作參考。

Purposes: To conduct a survey to ascertain the level of knowledge of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among the general population. Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis of those who participated in the educational activities organized by the Public Health Department, New Taipei Government between May-July, 2014. The measurement tool was a five-item questionnaire with acceptable reliability and validity regarding the participants’ knowledge of ADHD. Results: A total of 122 data samples (response rate 88.4%) were analyzed. The mean items of correctness for ADHD knowledge was 2.96 (59.2%). The item for epidemiologic characteristics of ADHD had the lowest correctness (43.4%), and the act of being helpful to children with ADHD had the highest correctness (77.9%). Univariate analysis revealed that participants’ age, education level, job, age of the youngest child, and whether or not their family members or friends had ADHD was associated with the participants’ ADHD knowledge. Multivariate analysis revealed that participants’ age and whether or not their family members or friends had ADHD was associated with the participants’ ADHD knowledge, explaining the 31.8% variation regarding such knowledge. Conclusions: The general population do not know very much about ADHD. Participants’ age and whether or not their family members or friends had ADHD was associated with the participants’ ADHD knowledge. Our findings can provide a direction when designing educational activities for the general population.