影響脊髓損傷住院復健患者其自我效能表現之相關因素探討

Factors Associated with Self-Efficacy among Rehabilitation Inpatients with Spinal Cord Injury

目的：本研究之目的旨在探討住院復健期脊髓損傷患者其人口學特徵、損傷情況、希望狀態與自我效能表現之相關性。方法：採橫斷性研究設計，以方便取樣方式針對80 名復健科脊髓損傷患者進行結構式問卷調查。結果：自我效能平均為45.69（SD=12.16），顯示脊髓損傷患者有較低的自我效能表現。不完全性損傷者、有工作者、以及復健動機主動積極者其自我效能表現較高。希望狀態、損傷程度與自我效能有顯著相關，希望狀態自我效能表現之最佳預測因子可解釋變異量為30.8％。結論：有工作、不完全性損傷、復健動機主動積極以及希望狀態較高者的自我效能表現較好。復健護理人員可提供增強脊髓損傷患者希望之策略以增加自我效能表現。

Purposes: The purpose of the study was to examine how demographics, injury characteristics, and hope were related to self-efficacy (SE) among rehabilitation inpatients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Convenient sampling using a structured questionnaire was conducted with 80 rehabilitation inpatients with SCI. Results: The mean score of SE was 46.59 (SD=12.16), indicating that participants had lower level of SE. Higher SE scores were statistically significantly associated with participants who had incomplete SCIs, who were employed, and who were motivated and active for rehabilitation. Hope and extent of injury were significantly associated with SE, explaining 30.8% of the total variance, and hope was the strongest factor. Conclusions: Participants who were employed, of incomplete SCIs, motivated and active for rehabilitation, and hopeful had higher mean scores of SE. Rehabilitation nurses may need to concentrate on improving SE by providing appropriate hope strategies.