尿失禁婦女骨盆底肌肉運動之成效及其相關因素探討

The Efficacy and Relative Factors of Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise in Incontinent Women

本研究旨在探討尿失禁婦女經由骨盆底肌肉運動之效果及其相關因素。採類實驗性研究設計，様本取自中部某醫學中心尿失禁門診之病患，年齡在55歲以下者，計70人。様本接受每週一次，每次2小時，爲期12週的骨盆底肌肉運動訓練。在介入前、後均以結構式問卷訪談收集資料，以SAS for windows 6.11 version套裝軟體進行統計分析。結果顯示：尿失禁婦女經骨盆底肌肉運動介入後，1.尿失禁嚴重程度治癒者佔 28.6％、改善者佔17.2％； 2.生活品質方面改善程度以妨礙從事體能上的休閒活動佔51.4％最多；3.測量陰道緊縮情形，在執行運動的第六週和第十二週做比較，在統計上具顯著差異(p＜0.05)。至於其影響因素有教育程度、曾主動求治及遵從行爲等，且均具統計上差異(p＜0.05至p＜0.001)。亦即教育程度較高者、就醫意願較高及遵從行爲較好者，是改善的主要影響因素。因此，建議就醫意願較低及遵從行爲較差者應進一步了解原因並加強宣導及衛教，而執行運動時，應鼓勵家屬參與，使病患獲得支持及強化學習動機，以提高遵從率。

The purpose of the study is discussed about efficacy of incontinent female pelvic floor muscle exercise and related factors. The study applied a quasi-experimental design. Participants were recruited from female out patient department of urinary incontinence in a medical center in the middle Taiwan. Seventy participants were less than 55-year old. These patients received two hours per week pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME) for 12 weeks. Constructive questionnaires were used to collect data at pre- and postinterventions. Data was analyzed by soft ward of SAS for windows 6.11 version. The results showed that after PFME intervention 28.6% women with urinary incontinence were cured and 17.2% of the participants were improved in the urinary incontinence; in the quality of life, 51.4% had improvement in their physical recreation activities; there was significantly statistic difference (p<.05) in improvement of the strength of vaginal muscle between the 6th and the twelfth weeks after intervention. The significant influence factors of improvement after intervention were the level of education, active attitude in asking for treatment, and compliance behaviors. Therefore, women who have high education, lower will to accept the treatments, and worse compliance behaviors should be educated. Families should be encouraged to participate patients' PFME practice in order to support patients, increase their motivation of learning and compliance.