中高齡勞工的職業安全與衛生

Occupational Safety and Health Issues for Middle-Aged and Old Workers

我國中高齡勞工人數，除民國79年呈現負成長外，平均每年增加兩萬兩千人。勞保職災資料顯示45歲以上的勞工職災發生率顯著偏高，因此本研究蒐集國內外各職業別意外事故發生率與年齡的相關性資料，並分析勞保資料與職災報告，而得知中高齡職災較嚴重以及就業人數較多的行業別。最後，整理歸納美日兩國提升中高齡就業安全衛生所進行的改善措施與國內現行保障中高齡就業安全的施行方案，而提出未來有關中高齡勞工事務極待努力的事項。

Each year, middle-aged and old workers in Taiwan increase by the number of twenty-two thousand. The statistics from Labor Insurance Bureau of Taiwan shows that workers who are aged over 45 have more occupational diseases and injuries than the other age group. Therefore, this research reviewed accident data of various injury types vs. age to reveal the types of injuries which could have been caused by aging. Statistical data analysis from Labor Insurance Bureau of Taiwan is performed to indicate occupations which have a greater number of middle-aged and old workers or their middle-aged and old workers have more occupational diseases and injuries. The current occupational welfare systems implemented in Taiwan and other well developed countries e.g. Japan and United States especially for the middle-aged and old workers were discussed. Finally, several suggestions were given for further improvements in accident analysis and preventation.