依零時體育計畫實施晨光運動對國小學童健康體適能及課業學習之影響──以台中市西岐國小六年級生為例

Effects of Morning Physical Education from the 'Zero Hour Project' on Health-Related Physical Fitness and Classes Learning of Primary School Students- Case Study of the sixth grade students of Hsi-Chi Primary School

本研究目的在探討依零時體育計畫實施晨光運動，對國小學童健康體適能及課業學習成就之影響。方法：研究樣本以台中市西岐國民小學六年級72 名學童為實驗對象，隨機分為實驗組與對照組，實驗組進行十二週，每週五次，每次三十五分鐘晨光運動，對照組不施予任何運動訓練。研究參與者於實驗前後都進行BMI 值、立定跳遠、坐姿體前彎、一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐、800m 跑走及數學學習之檢測，研究所得資料以迴歸係數同質性檢驗及獨立樣品單因子共變數分析，檢驗實驗組與對照組之間是否具有顯著差異，根據研究結果做成以下結論：（一）實驗組與對照組前測迴歸係數同質性考驗，結果同質性高並無差異存在，而在單因子共變數分析後測成績達顯著水準。後測結果平均值除BMI 值及800m 跑走實驗組低於對照組外，其餘各項數值實驗組皆高於對照組，顯示依零時體育計畫實施晨光運動能有效提昇學童健康體適能。（二）對數學學習成績方面之探討，經單因子共變數分析後測成績達顯著水準，且實驗組數學後測成績平均比對照組高，顯示依零時體育計畫實施晨光運動能有效提昇學童數學學習之課業學習成效。（三）研究證實對於提昇健康體適能與數學學習成績能同時達到效果，此結果能提供教育相關人員參考。

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of morning physical education (P. E.) from the Zero Hour Project on health-related physical fitness and classes learning of primary school students. A total of 72 students were sampled from the sixth grade of Hsi- Chi primary school in Taichung, Taiwan, and randomly assigned to experimental group and control group. Students from the experimental group were required to attend P. E. for 35 min per day and 5 days per week for 12 weeks, while no P. E. training for the students in control group. Evaluations of BMI, standing long jump, sit and reach, one-minute sit-ups, 800-meter running and walking and performance of mathematical learning were performed accordingly before and after the experimental session. The data were analyzed by the test of homogeneity regression, and ANCOVA to evaluate the differences between these two groups, and the level was set at 0.05. The conclusions were: 1. The basal conditions of health-related physical fitness in both groups were not significantly different. The values of BMI and the performance of 800-meter running and walking in the experimental group were lower than those of control group. Moreover, other results were higher than those of control group. 2. The performance of mathematical learning had significantly higher scores in the experimental group than the control group at the post test by one-way ANCOVA suggesting that morning physical education (P. E.) from the Zero Hour Project is effective in promoting mathematical learning of primary school students. 3. The results of this study demonstrated that both health-related physical fitness and class learning can be improved at the same time without conflict. These results can provide valuable information for further applications in educational administration.