我國營區法制之初探

A Preliminary Exploration on the Military Installation Regulations of R.O.C.

備戰及作戰是軍隊的主要功能，其所發展出來的特定生活方式或文化結構體系，即與戰鬥訓練息息相關，這也是軍事文化特殊性之所在；又營區既是武裝力量不可或缺的人員、裝備集中地，且其建立亦有其一定之功能性及目的性，如何在法治社會中建構適當的營區法律制度，是為一項重要議題。本文從軍人再社會化的全控機構為出發點，說明營區高規律、高操控、高集體、高強制等全控特性，進而探討其所衍生之制度化特徵，並從軍事機密的維繫及戰鬥裝備的保全之角度，研析營區存在及其相關法制建構之必要性。此外，以現行營區相關法令制度面分析而言，從要塞堡壘地帶法、國家安全法及現行營區法制規範不足而衍生之疑義案例，提出朝向維繫內部軍事紀律、維持外部安全秩序等面向之制定或修正相關法令，彌補營區法制規範不全等情，以期規範密度之周延。

Readiness and combat are the main missions for military. The way military operates and forms its culture are closely related to combat training, and this fact makes military culture unique. Military installations are the sites that accommodate military personnel and equipment, and thus have certain function and purpose attributed to their establishment. It is therefore imperative to construct a set of proper military installation regulations in a law-abiding society. This note takes the controlling mechanism in the process of re-socialization of military personnel as a key for elaborating characters of military installations, which are highly-discipline, highly-control, highly-collective, and highly-enforcement, and further explores the features of its collateral systems. This note also analyzes the imperativeness of promulgation of military installation regulations from the perspectives of securing military intelligence and combat equipment. Besides, the issues indicated by analysis of currently effective military installation rules, such as Vital Area Regulations and National Security Act, show the insufficiencies and defects of rules. In order to fill the legal gaps in norms and complete and intensify the enforcement of law this note thus proposes amendments to related regulations or drafts for the purpose of legislation aiming at securing military discipline and security of military installations.