陳誠與美國對華軍援：兼論《石叟叢書》的史料價值（1950-54）

Cheng Chen and U.S. Military Assistance to R.O.C., specially about The Books of Shu-So

陳誠號石叟，22歲投身軍旅，歷任軍政要職，來臺後擔任臺灣省政府主席、兩任行政院長、兩任副總統等重要公職，著手推行幣制改革、軍隊整編、土地改革等，親與政府遷臺初期的各項重要施政與建設。1950年3月正值美援中斷之際，他就任行政院長一職。6月韓戰爆發，美援繼續，時局有利於中華民國，從1950年美援再起之時算起，到1954年6月底陳誠離開行政院一個月後為止，這4年來的美援，使三軍裝備及機艦物資的補充，大為加強，陸軍火力較前增加205%，海軍裝備自1953年起源源而來，空軍飛機數量為原有之一倍弱。另以美軍顧問團的貢獻而論，所輸入新的技術，使當時的國軍成為現代化的節制之師，成效可觀。本文以石叟資料室整編之《石叟叢書》為主，就陳誠與美援的關係、軍援軍協成立經過、成效，說明陳誠首次組閣時美國對臺灣的軍事援助，及《石叟叢書》的史料意義與價值。

Cheng Chen, also known as Shu-So, joined the army at the age 22, and served at serveral important positions in the political and military arena. He later became the governor of Taiwan province, served two terms as the Prime Minister of R.O.C. and two terms as the Vice President of the R.O.C.. He was personally involved in several crucial national policies and development projects during the initial stage of R.O.C. government in Taiwan, which include the national currency reform, military re-org, land policy reform and so on. During March of 1950 when the diplomatic relationship between the U.S. and the R.O.C. was severed, he took over the post as Prime Minister of R.O.C. Upon the outbreak of Korean War in March of 1950, the U.S. continued their military aid to Taiwan; therefore, R.O.C. was put in a more advantageous position. The four-year duration of American military aid from 1950 to the June of 1954, one month after Chen left his post as Prime Minister, R.O.C.＇s military equipment, war-crafts and materials were all greatly reinforced and supplemented. Fire power of the army increased 205%, naval equipments came in continuously and aircrafts of the air force almost doubled. Injection of new military technology to effectively modernize our national troops is also one of the most important contributions of the U.S. military advisory group. This article focuses on the “Books of Shu-So＂ from Shu-So archive office and elaborates on the relationship between U.S. military aid and Cheng Chen, history and achievement of the military Aid bureau, content of the U.S. military aid during Chen＇s first term as the Prime Minister and meaning and value of these historical documents.