1950年代的「僑生」—以中央日報為中心討論

1950's 'overseas student ' - to discuss the Central Daily News center

關於華僑教育的論述頗多，中華民國政府在華僑教育中的角色昭然若現，究竟政府提倡的「反共愛國」教育有沒有成效？政府處心積慮所營造的僑生愛國形象何如？因此筆者想進一步了解政府營造下僑生形象。我們要問的是：為何政府要積極爭取華僑支持，並且努力發展教育？華僑和教育到底有什麼重要性？因此本文主要討論在《中央日報》裡中華民國政府經營僑教所呈現的僑生形象。本文時代斷限為1950年代乃因此時僑教受到美援支持，致使華僑來臺升學人數逐步提升，奠定往後僑教發展的基礎。反共復國政策下的僑生教育有其競合性，筆者利用《中央日報》官方性質建構「僑生」的角色以及用以呈現「國家的希望」，這些報導對於自由祖國有非常正面的報導，呈現出祖國非常疼惜來臺學習的僑生，並且對他們有所期待，要一起實踐反共復國教育，種種之作法在東南亞各國排華狀態下自然吸引眾多僑生歸國，形成正向拉力。透過一天天報紙的報導，顯然構成一幅圖像，呈現在臺灣民眾和來臺僑生、未來臺僑生面前，這一幅圖像構成的是擁護祖國的畫面。這幅圖有兩層意義，一種是增加臺人對僑生的好感，給予僑生正面性形象，另一層就是透過正面性的形象，端正僑生應該要有的想像，也就是僑生的自我期許應該要符合國家的要求，這個國家就是它的血緣祖國。

Discussion about overseas Chinese education is quite a lot. This article wants to ask the following questions：why the government actively seek the support of the overseas Chinese and try hardly to develop the education of overseas Chinese students? What is the important of overseas Chinese and its education? This article use Central Daily News as main material to discuss the image of overseas Chinese students. The period is focus on 1950s because at this time overseas Chinese education is supported by U.S. aid that establish the foundation of overseas Chinese education. The author use Central Daily News to see how the government constructs the role of overseas Chinese students and display it as the hope of the country. Those reports have very positive saying about the free motherland and display that the motherland is very nice to those students who come from overseas. Those reports look forward to those students and want them to fulfill the goal of patriotic anti-communist education. Central Daily News reports were just like a image. For government, they wanted this image for everybody that can support R.O.C, especially overseas students. It was a nice image for everybody, inclusive of overseas students. Because this image wanted to support for the motherland, Central Daily News constructs the role of overseas Chinese students and display it as the hope of the country.