高校思想改造運動及其前後（1949-1952）：以南京大學為中心的考察

Ideological Remoulding Movement in Higher Educational Institutions with Its Causes and Effects (1949-1952): A Study Centered on Nanjing University

1950年代初期的知識份子思想改造運動，對中共建政以後的高等學校影響深遠。本文以南京大學作為個案，研究高校思想改造運動的意義。首先，在歷史檔案尚未開放的前提下，盡可能考察這次政治運動的細節；其次，有學者認為高校院系調整工作的完成，表示高校思想改造運動的結束，本文認為兩者有某種程度的關聯，但高校思想改造運動與中共的組織清理有密切關係，所以思想改造運動的最後一步，應該是政治工作制度建立，並藉此把思想改造運動的「政治學習」與「思想檢查」加以常態化。

The ideological remoulding movement in the early 50’s among intellectuals strongly influenced higher educational institutions during the initial stage of the establishment of the People’s Republic of China. This study focuses on the case of Nanjing University to examine the significances of ideological remoulding movement. First of all, under the condition that the historical archives have not yet opened, this study manages to scrutinize this political movement in detail as far as possible. Next, while some scholars have claimed that the reconstruction of the higher educational system indicated the end of the ideological remoulding movement in higher educational institutions, the author of this study argues that indeed the two events were connected to some extent, but the ideological remoulding movement was more closely related to Chinese Communist Party's organizational purge. Therefore, the last stage of ideological remoulding movement was the establishment of political work system, and in doing so the two aspects of the ideological remoulding movement —— “the political education” and “the ideological examination” —— was thus normalized.