青龍浮華案探微

The search of the Qing-Long-Fu-Hua case

「浮華」一詞在漢晉之際屢屢出現，其含意不僅只限思想或風氣上之華而不實，實亦包含政治上的朋黨。漢末士大夫的結黨，上者澄清天下，下者結黨營私干涉選舉。清流士大夫雖在黨錮之禍失敗，結黨風氣卻未消失，曹操父子對剷除異己依舊不遺餘力。結黨風氣在曹操、曹丕打壓下一度收斂，卻在曹叡時再度興起。青龍浮華案的名士異於曹操、曹丕時代的結黨，再次對選舉制提出異議；卻也異於漢末名士反對支持濁流的皇權，徹底肯定皇帝權威。這次浮華案的名士最早對九品官人法提出改革主張，也對日後曹爽與司馬懿集團產生影響，其過程、人物卻因史料零碎而眾說紛紜，本文便試圖分析青龍浮華案的過程與影響。

The word “Fu-Hua” was frequently appeared from Han to Jinn dynasty, its meaning is not only the flashy behavior, but also the party of politic. In the end of Han dynasty, the statesman tried to improve the world, the politician formed a clique to pursue advantages, but their behavior-party –is the same. The fashions of party was weakened under the pressure of Tsao-Tsao and Tsao-Pi, but resurged in the reign of Tsao- Ruey. The Qing-Long-Fu-Hua case is different from the party in the end of Han and beginning of Wei dynasty, the members tried to improve the election and also admitted the authority of the emperor. It is the first reformation of the Election of nine grades(九品官 人法),therefore also effected the politics of Tsao-Shuang and Sih-Ma Yi, but the process and list of the case is unclear because of the insufficient of data, this article is tried to analyze the process and effection of The Qing-Long-Fu-Hua case.