從學校語言到生活語言──邁向原住民族語復振

From School Language to Vernacular: Toward Formosan Language Revitalization

從 2001 年算起，學校為本的原住民族語復振，到2011 年剛好十年，應該是進行評估並提出規劃的時候。學校為本的語言復振常僅造就了「學校語言」，無法讓族語延伸至校外的族語使用，特別是無法達成語言的世代傳承。本文以愛爾蘭語和希伯來語的復振經驗為例，討論僅停留在「學校語言」的限制和擴展到校外成為「生活語言」的必要性。本文主張台灣族語教育要超越愛爾蘭僅為「學校語言」的模式，效法希伯來語復振的方式，將族語打造成「生活語言」，並透過母語的世代傳承，延續原住民族語的活力。

The mother tongue education has been implemented nationwide for ten years in Taiwan. It is time to evaluate the results of school-based language revitalization efforts and propose new language revitalization planning. School-based language revitalization often leads to mother tongue as a “school language,” unable to extend its uses outside the campus. And it often fails to achieve intergenerational transmission of mother tongue. Using Irish and Hebrew language revitalization experiences, this paper attempts to discuss the limitations of school language and emphasize the importance of revernacularization. It is suggested that Taiwan’s indigenous language education should go beyond Irish’s “school language” model and follow Hebrew’s revitalization model, i.e., extending the use of mother tongue to everyday life, and transmitting mother tongue to the next generation.