某高中青少年身心症狀分析

An Investigation of Physical and Psychological Symptoms in a Senior High School Students in Taiwan

目的：近期歐美研究發現青少年階段有相當高的身心症狀盛行率，影響青少年之健康狀態與生活品質。然而國內研究多半關心憂鬱症狀，對於身體症狀較少著墨。因此本研究探討高中生身心症狀盛行率、憂鬱與各種身體症狀之相關性。方法：本研究於2006年5月於台北縣某高中以結構性之青少年身心健康諮詢問卷進行全校調查，內容包含流行病學研究中心憂鬱量表（CES-D）以及青春期成長健康等項目。以卡方檢定比較不同性別、年級以及憂鬱程度之青少年之身心症狀分布的差異，並以多元邏輯式迴歸分性別分析影響青少年憂鬱症狀的身體症狀。結果：本次調查有效樣本為2,113人，其中女性1,062人、男性1,051人，各年級人數與性別分布平均。整體而言高中校園青少年的身體症狀以白天覺得累最常見，高達56.6%，而頭痛、頭暈等項目則約21.9-29.8%受訪者經歷，男性與女性分別平均經歷1.35項與1.67項身體症狀；在憂鬱症狀方面，CES-D得分超過切點的男性與女性比例分別為24.07%以及15.07%，且有較高比例同時經歷身體症狀。而女性頭痛、不想上學、在學校有困難無法解決以及男性頭暈、白天覺得累、學校裡有困難無法解決、不想上學等症狀是能夠預測憂鬱是否高過切點的危險因子。結論：整體而言，身心症狀在青少年階段是常見的，且身體症狀比憂鬱情緒的盛行率更高，顯示校園青少年的身體症狀確實需要關心與介入。

Purposes: A high prevalence of physical and psychological symptoms in adolescents has recently been found in Western society, and these symptoms might have adverse effects on health and quality of life. In Taiwan, most research with adolescents has been concerned with depressive mood; few studies have addressed physical symptoms. This investigation focused on the prevalence of physical and psychological symptoms in a senior high school, and the correlations between physical symptoms and depressive mood. Method: This research was conducted in a general high school in Taipei County in May 2005. All students answered a structured questionnaire, including the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and questions about general health. Statistically, Chi-squares were used for differences in prevalence based on gender, grade and depressive condition, and multiple logistic regression analysis for the relationships between physical symptoms and depressive mood. Results: There were 2,113 available participants in this research, 1,062 females and 1,051 males; gender and grade were almost equally distributed. The most common symptoms were feeling tired in the daytime (56.6%), headache (21.9%), and dizziness 29.8%. The mean numbers of symptoms were 1.35 and 1.67 for males and females respectively. For depressive mood, there were 24.07% male and 15.07% female participants above the cutoff point, and they also experienced more physical symptoms at the same time. The physical risk factors most associated with depressive mood were headaches for females and dizziness for males. The common risk factors for both genders were an unwillingness to go to school and problems on campus. Conclusion: Physical symptoms were more common than psychological symptoms in adolescents and it is necessary to pay more attention to them.